Comparison of two measurement strategies to obtain the residence time distribution in combustion chambers using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy

Sebastian Bürkle; Lukas G. Becker; Maria A. Agizza; Andreas Dreizler; Steven Wagner

doi:10.1364/AO.58.000C36

Applied Optics
Vol. 58,
Issue 10,
pp. C36-C46
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.000C36

Comparison of two measurement strategies to obtain the residence time distribution in combustion chambers using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy

Sebastian Bürkle, Lukas G. Becker, Maria A. Agizza, Andreas Dreizler, and Steven Wagner

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Sebastian Bürkle, Lukas G. Becker, Maria A. Agizza, Andreas Dreizler, and Steven Wagner, "Comparison of two measurement strategies to obtain the residence time distribution in combustion chambers using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy," Appl. Opt. 58, C36-C46 (2019)

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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: November 16, 2018
- Revised Manuscript: January 14, 2019
- Manuscript Accepted: January 18, 2019
- Published: February 12, 2019
Virtual Issues
Applied Optics Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis 2018 (2018)

Abstract

The residence time distribution (RTD) of fluid elements in combustion chambers is a key feature of the flow field, and its knowledge is therefore important for the design and improvement of combustion systems. The hostile yet sensitive environment of burners, in particular with high particle loads of solid-fuel firing, impede direct access to this quantity. Two strategies to obtain the RTD based on hydrogen chloride injection with subsequent detection by tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy are directly compared and applied to gas and solid-fuel combustion under two different combustion modes. Through the direct comparison of this work, the experimentally more challenging and thus rarely utilized pulse injection was found to be superior to the commonly used step injection.

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Carbon [wt%]	Hydrogen [wt%]	Oxygen ^b [wt%]	Nitrogen [wt%]	Sulphur [wt%]	Water [wt%]	Ash [wt%]	Volatile [wt%]	Heating Value [MJ/kg], daf
daf ^a	daf	daf	daf	daf	raw	dry	raw	Lower	Higher
68.20	4.69	25.7	0.97	0.44	9.13	6.07	44.99	25.361	26.376

			Volume Flows ( $m^{3} / h$ )
			I	I	II	II	III
Combustion Mode	Reaction Condition	Name	${CH}_{4}$	Oxidizer	Straight Oxidizer	Inclined Oxidizer	Oxidizer
Air	Nonreacting	NRAir	0	13.55	5.97	12.02	69.95
	Reacting methane only	RAir	2.01	12.00	5.97	12.02	69.95
	Reacting methane + solid-fuel	RL:RAir	as “RAir”
Oxy-fuel	Nonreacting	NR30	0	8.16	3.76	7.27	42.60
	Reacting methane only	R30	2.01	6.78	3.76	7.27	42.60
	Reacting methane + solid fuel	RL:R30	as “R30”

	Nonreacting		Reacting		Particle-Laden/Reacting
	NRAir	NR30	RAir	R30	RL:RAir	RL:R30
$V_{R} / \dot{V}$ [s]	3.84	6.22	–		–
$\bar{t}$ [s]	${3.37}^{\pm 0.28}$	${4.05}^{\pm 0.35}$	${1.26}^{\pm 0.47}$	${2.46}^{\pm 0.24}$	${0.71}^{\pm 0.12}$	${2.02}^{\pm 0.14}$
$σ_{RTD}$ [s]	${2.74}^{\pm 0.07}$	${3.25}^{\pm 0.05}$	${1.16}^{\pm 0.48}$	${1.96}^{\pm 0.17}$	${0.50}^{\pm 0.08}$	${1.41}^{\pm 0.09}$
$S_{RTD}$ [s]	${1.18}^{\pm 0.05}$	${1.11}^{\pm 0.02}$	${2.60}^{\pm 2.39}$	${1.18}^{\pm 0.14}$	${0.99}^{\pm 0.14}$	${1.15}^{\pm 0.14}$

Carbon [wt%]	Hydrogen [wt%]	Oxygen ^b [wt%]	Nitrogen [wt%]	Sulphur [wt%]	Water [wt%]	Ash [wt%]	Volatile [wt%]	Heating Value [MJ/kg], daf
daf ^a	daf	daf	daf	daf	raw	dry	raw	Lower	Higher
68.20	4.69	25.7	0.97	0.44	9.13	6.07	44.99	25.361	26.376

			Volume Flows ( $m^{3} / h$ )
			I	I	II	II	III
Combustion Mode	Reaction Condition	Name	${CH}_{4}$	Oxidizer	Straight Oxidizer	Inclined Oxidizer	Oxidizer
Air	Nonreacting	NRAir	0	13.55	5.97	12.02	69.95
	Reacting methane only	RAir	2.01	12.00	5.97	12.02	69.95
	Reacting methane + solid-fuel	RL:RAir	as “RAir”
Oxy-fuel	Nonreacting	NR30	0	8.16	3.76	7.27	42.60
	Reacting methane only	R30	2.01	6.78	3.76	7.27	42.60
	Reacting methane + solid fuel	RL:R30	as “R30”

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Applied Optics