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Optica Publishing Group
  • Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference
  • OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1991),
  • paper QTuD3

Photon antibunching in the resonance fluorescence of a three-level ion

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Abstract

The investigation of the resonance fluorescence of atomic beams1 and single trapped ions2 has led to the observation of antibunching. However, all experiments so far have been performed with two-level atoms. If a three-level atom is driven by two laser frequencies, the intensity correlation g2(τ) of the fluorescence is drastically changed by the presence of two independent Rabi periods. Moreover, in folded systems with a shortlived intermediate level a dark resonance3–5 exists; the occupation of this intermediate fluorescing level depends sensitively on the laser detunings, and optical pumping is important. The existence of two long-lived states allows the normalized maximum value of g2(τ) to be larger than the calculated value for a two-level system. The characteristic time for optical pumping ground states can be much longer than the natural lifetime of the excited state. As a consequence, g2(τ) shows long-time correlations. Both effects have been observed with resonance fluorescence of a single trapped Ba+ ion. Thus, photon antibunching in the resonance fluorescence of a folded three-level system shows a new quality not shown by measurements on two-level atoms.

© 1991 Optical Society of America

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