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Single-mode fiber directional couplers: stabilization techniques

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Abstract

We reported earlier successful fabrication single-mode fiber Bottle couplers.1,2 In this coupler fabrication technique, the plastic jackets are stripped from single-mode fibers, which are then twisted together. The cladding is etched down to about the diameter of the guiding cores, which enables the optical fields of the fibers to couple together through evanescent-field overlap. The etched fibers are immersed in oil with an index of refractive somewhere between 1.37 and 1.46 (core index). Proper choice of the oil index and adjustment of the number of twists and tension of the etched fibers produce desired coupling efficiencies. Typically, the insertion loss is <1 dB at ~3-dB coupling efficiency.

© 1981 Optical Society of America

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