Abstract
Optical intensity modulators with large on/off ratios over a wide optical bandwidth are always desirable. For modulators using the electro-absorption effect, it is very difficult to have a large on/off ratio and wide optical bandwidth at the same time because there is a sharp absorption resonance to be matched near the bandgap. On the other hand, for modulators that use refractive index changes, wide bandwidth intensity modulation can be achieved because such devices are less spectrally sensitive. These semiconductor waveguide devices also are much less sensitive to changes in temperature or optical intensity because the optical absorption loss is small, far below the band edge of the material.
© 1991 Optical Society of America
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